Constitutionalism and Citizenship: A Philosophical Appraisal of the Nigerian Situation

Constitutionalism is a form of political thought and action that seeks to prevent tyranny and guarantees the liberty and rights of individuals on which free society depends. It is based on the idea that government can and should be limited in its powers, and that its authority depends on enforcing these limitations.The value of constitutionalism lies in the fact that it gives meaning to the relationship between the state and the citizens and this invariably brings about the much needed social order. Thus, the foundation of a sustainable social order in any society is based on the cordial relationship between the state and the citizens as established by the constitution. While constitution serves as the basis upon which daily activities of governance of a people must be based. It depends for its existence and functionality on the citizens. It is intended to provide guidance to the governors and the governed in order to avoid excesses, lawlessness and instability, and to ensure orderliness, good governance and national development. The constitution should be generally understood and accepted by the people. But we discovered that is not the true practical reflection of the essence of the constitution in Nigeria. There is gross impunity and total disregard to the principles and dictates of the constitution. There is a claim that the constitution of Nigeria does not truly emanate from the people, and that has been responsible for disharmony and instability, but we discovered in this work that Nigerians lack the spirit that makes things work. Nigeria cannot lay a valid claim to practicing democracy without a true democratic constitution. Also, Nigeria cannot lay claim to true democratic constitution that will unite the citizen with the state without resulting to the spirit that makes thing work. While conceptual analysis was used to clarify key concepts like constitution, citizens and governance, the reconstructive method was used to establish constitutionalism and the advantage of a true people-oriented constitution which is urgently needed in Nigeria to right the numerous wrongs plaguing politics and governance in the country.

Keywords: Constitution, Constitutionalism, Citizens, Democratic, Development, Governance.